{"id":85293,"date":"2025-04-03T14:45:07","date_gmt":"2025-04-03T12:45:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.librairieclavreuil.com\/lapied-voyage-en-chine-et-a-peking-pour-observer-le-passage-de-venus-du-9-decembre-1874-journal\/"},"modified":"2025-11-18T15:51:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T14:51:10","slug":"lapied-voyage-en-chine-et-a-peking-pour-observer-le-passage-de-venus-du-9-decembre-1874-journal","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.librairieclavreuil.com\/en\/lapied-voyage-en-chine-et-a-peking-pour-observer-le-passage-de-venus-du-9-decembre-1874-journal\/","title":{"rendered":"LAPIED Marie-Henri Voyage en Chine et \u00e0 P\u00e9king..."},"content":{"rendered":"

Very detailed unpublished report of the \u2018French Mission sent to observe the transit of Venus over the Sun on 9 December 1874\u2019. It is illustrated with 20 original photographs from the period and 11 sketches illustrating the mission’s passage through Hong Kong.<\/span><\/p>\n

The only surviving information on Lapied’s life can be found on the Bnf website, where he is mentioned as a \u2018cartographer\u2019 and the author of the large map of Peking, of which a partial manuscript copy is to be found in this volume in the section devoted to his stay in Peking.<\/p>\n

The report, meticulously written in fine, legible handwriting, begins with a photographic frontispiece showing the \u2018Cabane des essais photographiques \u00e0 Paris dans le parc du Luxembourg\u2019, followed by a list of the crew members of the 6 French missions sent to the two hemispheres of the world, 3 to the northern hemisphere and 3 to the southern hemisphere.<\/p>\n

The missions sent to the Southern Hemisphere were based on Campbell Island (with the following members: hydrographic engineer Bouquet de la Grye, sub-hydrographic engineer Hatt, lieutenant Courjolleux, and naturalist Filhol), on the islands of St. Paul and Amsterdam (captain Mouchez, lieutenant Turquet, physicist Cazin, naturalists V\u00e9lina and De L’Isle, doctor Rochefort), and on Noum\u00e9a (scientist Andr\u00e9 de la Grye).<\/p>\n

The missions sent to the Northern Hemisphere were to Peking (lieutenant Fleuriais, lieutenant Blariez, ensign Lapied), Nagasaki (Jannsen from the Paris observatory, director of the Toulouse observatory Tisserand, ensign Delacoix), and the secondary station at Sa\u00efgon (sub-engineer H\u00e9raut, ensign Bonniset).<\/p>\n

The table of contents occupies 1 sheet giving an outline of the progress of this important scientific journey: Paris: 22 April – 30 June 1874; Marseille: 1-5 July (it is noted that the worker-driver Mosnier was dismissed after his trunk was seized by his hotelier); liner Anadyr: 5 July – 16 August; Shanghai: 16-23 August; the Paoting: 23-27 August; Tien-tsin: 27-29 August; by boat: 29 August – 1 September; Tong-chao: 1-2 September; Peking: 2 September 1874 – 27 February 1875; return to Tien-tsin: 27 February-1 March; Tien-tsin: 1-3 March; Chan-si: 3-9 March; Shanghai: 9-19 March; [steamer] Le Hoogly: 19 March-30 April; Marseille: 30 April-4 May; Paris: 7 May.<\/p>\n

This is followed by a second photographic frontispiece showing the 4 members of the Peking mission (Blarez, Huet, Fleuriais and Lapied) and the aide named Antoine.<\/p>\n

The expedition : Singapore – Sa\u00efgon – Hong-Kong – Shanghai<\/span><\/p>\n

The description of the sea crossing on the liner Anadyr includes observations on the weather and details of navigation, but the author also mentions information about ships arriving in Singapore (La N\u00e9va arriving from Batavia; Le Volta bound for China, etc.) and provides a beautiful description of \u2018Singapore, almost an island of Malacca\u2019. This is followed by descriptions of Saigon (maritime cemetery, government, demographics, etc.) and Hong Kong, where the scientists arrived on the morning of 10 August 1874. The description of Hong Kong begins with a detailed profile of the coastline, followed by a long account of the city, its inhabitants, etc. \u2018The English seized Hong Kong Island in 1841. The city of Victoria is incorrectly called Hong Kong, after the name of the island on which it is located.\u2019 The account is illustrated with 11 original Indian ink drawings (9 of which are watercolours). The watercolours show, among other things, the \u2018fashion for foot binding\u2019 among women, as well as the \u2018bizarrely arranged\u2019 hair of married women, the hairstyles of men \u2018with their heads shaved except for a tuft of hair\u2019, and the clothing of men and women, whose \u2018costume consists of wide Moorish trousers, usually made of a kind of shiny black silk\u2019. The Hong Kong story ends with a large, original, full-page watercolour drawing with the city’s harbour in the background.<\/p>\n

The description of the stay in Shanghai occupies 5 leaves and contains a large number of demographic, geographical and meteorological details, as well as 2 small original drawings of maps and a sketch showing a \u2018singular vehicle, which comes from Japan\u2019. The continuation of the journey via Tien-tsien and Tong-Tcheou to Peking is illustrated with detailed maps (including 3 laid-on canvas) and watercolours, one of which is full-page (\u2018Night watch on the Pe\u00ef-ho\u2019). This is followed by a description of \u2018Six months in Peking\u2019 (13 nn.ll.), illustrated with 6 original photographs (Our dwelling, in the grounds of the French legation; Our Chinese staff: Toung-tcho – One of the Chinese interpreters of the French legation – Fou-hiai, Mr Fleuriais’ boy; A Japanese mousm\u00e9 (partially coloured); Building of the French minister’s residence).<\/p>\n

Lapied then gives an extensive description in 44 nn.ll., or \u2018Notes sur la Chine\u2019, specifying that the details were borrowed from the works of Pauthier, Du Halde, and various other works. Illustrated with drawings and 6 original photographs (Un chinois de Tien-tsin; Tartare – Et Chinoises du Nord; Cantonaise (partially coloured); Le G\u00e9n\u00e9ral chinois Li-Hong-chang vice-roi de la province de Tchi-li; Acteurs (partially coloured), it contains the history of China’s dynasties from its beginnings, a short note on missionaries in China, and details of the government, religion, philosophy, manners and customs. <\/p>\n

Beijing<\/span><\/p>\n

The \u2018Description de P\u00e9king\u2019 (18 ff.n.ch.) begins with an original photographic view (\u2018Une porte ext\u00e9rieure de la ville Tartare\u2019) followed by a small schematic plan of the imperial city, as well as a very large detailed plan (590 x 470 mm), mostly handwritten and folded, and another smaller handwritten plan mounted on cloth (copied from the German Fritsche plan). It gives details of the palace, the imperial city and the Tartar city, followed by information on the outskirts of Peking (A\u00ef-tching city, outer city). The large plan also appears in the publication Mission de P\u00e9kin<\/i> (in: Acad\u00e9mie des sciences, Recueil de m\u00e9moires, rapports et documents relatifs \u00e0 l’observation du passage de V\u00e9nus devant le Soleil, Mission de P\u00e9kin.<\/i> Paris, Gauthiers-Villars, 1887, tome II, part 1).
Apart from a few watercolours, the description of Beijing contains a second original photograph (\u2018Monk’s tomb\u2019).<\/p>\n

Following an illness suffered by Lieutenant Blarez, the team undertook his \u2018First journey by land from Peking to Tien-Tsin and back to Peking\u2019 in order to \u2018take Blarez, who was ill, back to France\u2019. This account occupies 5 pages and is followed by descriptions (18 nn.ll.) of the \u2018Journey to Lou-ko-tiao and Ti\u00e9 tai tze (25-29 December 1874), the \u201cJourney to the Great Wall\u201d, and the \u2019Second journey by land from Peking to Tien-tsin. Return to France\u2019.<\/p>\n

Scientific Description of the Passage of Venus<\/span><\/p>\n

The large chapter, occupying 42 numbered pages, contains \u2018graphic discussions of the phases of the phenomenon\u2019 and is illustrated with 32 scientific figures in the text. Pages 40-42 contain details of the orientation of \u2018the photographic plates in the heliograph\u2019. This is followed by 9 leaves of measurements taken on site (barometric, meteorological, latitudes, etc) and measurements of the \u2018Plan of Peking, surveyed in 1874-75 by M. Lapied\u2019 with the \u2018coordinates of various points in relation to the coal mountain\u2019.<\/p>\n

The true description of the transit of Venus is written on 3 leafs and it is indicated that it was Lapied who was operating the heliographic camera. The report for this crucial day begins at 5 a.m. and continues until 3.15pm in the afternoon. \u2018From 9.30 a.m. to 10 a.m.: The brightness of the sun increases at first, then gradually fades. The 2nd contact is easily observed; very faint ripples – Some good photographs – From 10.15 to 11am: Until 11am the equatorials can still observe; but the photography has nothing more to do\u2019. The story continues with Mr Fleuriais’s \u2018Appreciation of the phenomenon of contacts\u2019. He states that he had \u2018paid the greatest attention to the phenomenon of the ligament, referring on the one hand to the artificial observations in Luxembourg, and on the other hand to real observations, and I have come to the conclusion that the size of the said ligament depends essentially, if not completely, on the size of the undulations\u2019.<\/p>\n

The scientific report is followed by 8 leaves with a technical description (illustrated by a large colour diagram) of the \u2018Telegraphic Communications between the Observatory and the Chronograph\u2019. It is accompanied by 4 drawings showing details of the technical apparatus, a plan of the observatory and a clipping from the magazine L’Illustration<\/i> showing the technical installation of the observatory on site in Beijing, based on a drawing supplied by Lapied. Four original photographs (L’Observatoire; Le m\u00eame en construction; La Mission de P\u00e9king – Huet, Fleuriais, Lapied, Blarez [dans l’Observatoire, devant les appareils optiques]; L’Equatorial de 6 pouces) complete the set.<\/p>\n

The end of this chapter contains a technical description of the \u2018photographic apparatus of Messrs Fizeau and Cornu: Telescope with a focal length of about 4 m – Two achromatic lenses 9 inches in diameter – Reflecting mirror…\u2019.<\/p>\n

The last 35 pages contain notes with \u2018Nautical information for the voyage from Suez to Hong Kong\u2019, \u2018From Pointe de Galles to Singapore\u2019, \u2018From Singapore to Saigon\u2019, \u2018From Saigon to Hong Kong\u2019, then those concerning the return voyage.<\/p>\n

This report by Lapied has not been published to our knowledge. However, the report by Fleuriais was published by the Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences (Recueil de m\u00e9moires, rapports et documents relatifs \u00e0 l’observation du passage de V\u00e9nus devant le Soleil, Mission de P\u00e9kin. <\/i>Paris, Gauthiers-Villars, 1887, Volume II, Part 1).<\/p>\n

A very important unpublished manuscript of this scientific expedition to China in the nineteenth century.<\/span><\/p>\n

Details of the illustrations and contents: <\/p>\n

Photos:<\/p>\n

1 : “cabane des essais photographiques \u00e0 Paris dans le parc de Luxembourg”<\/p>\n

2 :” La mission de P\u00e9king” (Blary, handy-man Antoine, Huet, Fleurieais, Lapied)<\/p>\n

3 : “Notre habitation, dans le parc de la l\u00e9gation de France” [in Beijing]<\/p>\n

4-6 : “Notre personnel chinois : Toung-cheo \u2013 interpr\u00e8te de la l\u00e9gation de France \u2013 Fou-hiai, boy de Mr. Fleuriais”<\/p>\n

7 : “Une mousm\u00e9 japonaise”<\/p>\n

8 : “D\u00e9pendance de l\u2019habitation du ministre de France” (image largley sunned)<\/p>\n

9 : portrait \u2018Un chinois de Tien-tsin<\/p>\n

10 -11 : “Tartare \u2013 Et Chinoises du Nord”<\/p>\n

12 : “Cantonnaise”<\/p>\n

13 :” Le G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Chinois Li-Hong-chang vice-roi de la province de Chi-li”<\/p>\n

14 : “Acteurs”<\/p>\n

15 : “Porte ext\u00e9rieure de la ville Tartare”<\/p>\n

16 : “Tombeau d\u2019un bonze”<\/p>\n

17 : “L\u2019Observatoire [Beijing]”<\/p>\n

18 : “Le m\u00eame, en construction”<\/p>\n

19 : “La Mission de P\u00e9kin”<\/p>\n

20 : “L\u2019Equatorial de 6 pouces”<\/p>\n

Four Waterolour views : Anadyr; Aden; Pointe de Galles-Ceylan; Hong-Kong.<\/p>\n

Reliefs : 2 (Malacca, Hong-Kong).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

11 sketches to illustrate Hong-Kong<\/p>\n

4 sketches to illustrate Shanghai<\/p>\n

1 manuscript map on cloth of the river P\u00e9-ho from Takoue to Tien-tsin (I)<\/p>\n

1 small map of Tien-tsin<\/p>\n

1 manuscript map of the river P\u00e9-ho from Tien-tsin to Ma-tao (II)<\/p>\n

1 map on paper of the northern part of the province Pe-tehe-li<\/p>\n

2 watercolours illustrating teh excursion from Tien-tsin to Ma-tao (Une jolie brise \u2026. ; Alerte !)<\/p>\n

1 watercolour, full-page : “Veille de nuit sur le Pei-ho”<\/p>\n

1 manuscript map on paper of Tong-Tchao<\/p>\n

1 manuscript map on cloth of “Cours de P\u00e9-ho de Ma-tao \u00e0 Tong-tcheao (III)”<\/p>\n

1 woodengraving of \u2018L\u2019Observatoire am\u00e9ricain pour le passage de V\u00e9nus”<\/p>\n

1 drawing 28 May 1873 \u2013 “audience de l\u2019empereur Hong-tchou”<\/p>\n

1 coloured woodcut afre the drawing by M. P\u00e2ris (buddhist temple)<\/p>\n

1 portrait of Fo-hi (Chinese Emperor) in India ink<\/p>\n

1 portrait of Tsin tchi huang ti (India ink)<\/p>\n

1 printed and coloured map of China and Japan<\/p>\n

3 portraits of Chinese dignitaries : Koung fou tseu \u2013 Meng tseu \u2013 Lao-tse<\/p>\n

1 drawing of a Japanese chariot (“la cangue”)<\/p>\n

1 plan of the Forbidden City<\/p>\n

1 large folding handcoloured plan, mimeographed and completed in manuscript, of Beijing <\/p>\n

1 manuscript plan of Beijing, partly coloured, after M. Bouvier<\/p>\n

1 coloured woodcut “Une porte de la ville imp\u00e9riale”<\/p>\n

1 watercolour “Un Fiacre”<\/p>\n

1 watercolour “Forme exacte d\u2019une porte de la ville Tartare”<\/p>\n

1 full-page watercolour “Une Porte de la ville Tartare”<\/p>\n

3 woodcuts (Plate-forme aux sacrifices ; Porte de l\u2019enceinte int\u00e9rieure du temple ; vue du temple, prise de la terrasse)<\/p>\n

1 full page coloured woodcut : “Le Grand D\u00f4me bleu du temple du ciel. P\u00e9kin”.<\/p>\n

1 woodcut “Autel o\u00f9 l\u2019on br\u00fble les offrandes”<\/p>\n

1 India ink drawing, coloured, “Un buddha, dans une pagode de Ha\u00ef-tien”<\/p>\n

1 plan in India ink of \u2018Ville des Chinois\u2019 with small sketch at the bottom of the page<\/p>\n

4 woodcuts (Verbiest’s observatory)<\/p>\n

1 woodcut of “Pa\u00ef-tcha Chan et Me\u00ef-chan”<\/p>\n

1 watercoloured drawing “Ruines de la Cath\u00e9drale de Tien-Tsin”<\/p>\n

1 watercoloured drawing “Fort sur le Pe\u00ef-ho, en amont du Tien-Tsin”<\/p>\n

1 India ink drawing “Cour d\u2019auberge”<\/p>\n

1 Printed and partially colored map (“Exp\u00e9dition en Chine 1860”)<\/p>\n

1 pencil sketch \u2018On allume le camp\u2019<\/p>\n

1 drawing “Pierre du tombeau de Yung L\u00f4h”<\/p>\n

1 watercoloured drawing “Avenue des animaux (tombeaux des Mings)”<\/p>\n

1 watercoloured drawing “S\u00e9pulture de Yung L\u00f4h”<\/p>\n

1 pencil drawing, watercoloured “Passe de Nankao – La porte et la muraille courant dans l\u2019ouest”<\/p>\n

1 pencil drawing, watercoloured “Passe de Nankao \u2013 Deux petits temples sur de roches \u00e0 pic\u2026”<\/p>\n

1 India ink drawing, watercoloured “Vue vers le nord prise su sommet de la Grande Muraille \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de la porte de la passe du Nankao”<\/p>\n

1 India ink drawing, watercoloured “Pass de Nankao”<\/p>\n

1 woodcut “Aspect fort ressemblant de la Grande Muraille”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Second expedition on land from Beijing to Tien-Tsin – return to France 27 February  -1st March 1875<\/p>\n

1 caricature “D\u00e9part de P\u00e9kin \u2013 Retour at home !”<\/p>\n

Passage of Venus \u2013 Graphic discussion of the phases of the phenomena, 42 pp.<\/p>\n

32 text-illustrations<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

– On the orientation of the photographic plates <\/p>\n

6 schematic illustrations<\/p>\n

– R\u00e9sultat de toutes natures rapport\u00e9s par La Mission de P\u00e9kin, 5 nn.ll.  (last blank)<\/p>\n

– Observations pendant notre s\u00e9jour \u00e0 P\u00e9kin, du 2 septembre 1874 au 27 f\u00e9vrier 1875, 2 nn.ll.<\/p>\n

– Plan de P\u00e9king lev\u00e9 en 1874-75 par M. Lapied, sous les ordres de M. Fleuriais, 2 nn.ll.<\/p>\n

– Passage de V\u00e9nus du 9 d\u00e9cembre 1874 \u00e0 P\u00e9king, 4 nn.ll. (last blank)<\/p>\n

– Communications t\u00e9l\u00e9graphiques entre l\u2019observatoire et le Chronographe \u2013 L\u2019Observatoire<\/p>\n

1 full-page schematic drawing “Distribution t\u00e9l\u00e9graphique entre l\u2019observatoire et le pavillon d\u2019habitation\u2026”<\/p>\n

1 original ink wrawing showing a bird’s-eye-view of the Observatory<\/p>\n

1 woodcut after Lapied (published in \u2018L\u2019Illustration<\/i>\u2019) \u2018Le passage de V\u00e9nus sur le soleil\u2019<\/p>\n

2 photos : L\u2019Observatoire \u2013 et Le M\u00eame en construction\u2019<\/p>\n

[The chapter ends with the technical description of the photographic apparatus supplied by the company Fizeau & Cornu : “lunette de 4m environ\u2026”)<\/p>\n

Journal-clipping “Note envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Illustration par l\u2019amiral P\u00e2ris, d\u2019apr\u00e8s deux lettres de Fleuriais”<\/p>\n

1 original photography : “La Mission de P\u00e9kin Huet, Fleuriais,Lapied, Blarez” (shown with the photographic material)<\/p>\n

1 original photography “Equatorial de 6 pouces”<\/p>\n

– Nautical details on the journey from Suez to Hong Kong, 35 pp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Folio (317 x 207 mm) 155 nn.ll., 42 pp., 23 nn.ll., 35 pp. Contemporary green half-sheep, flat spine gilt (worn with portions missing), in a modern clamshell box.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":85268,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[552],"product_tag":[1316,1383,1405,1223,1328],"class_list":{"0":"post-85293","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-travel","7":"product_tag-astronomy","8":"product_tag-china","9":"product_tag-manuscript","10":"product_tag-map","11":"product_tag-scientifical-manuscript","12":"pa_auteur-lapied-marie-henri-2","13":"pa_type-de-livre-manuscript","15":"first","16":"instock","17":"shipping-taxable","18":"purchasable","19":"product-type-simple"},"acf":{"artist":"Marie-Henri LAPIED","chapeau":"French scientific mission to China\r\nto observe the passage of Venus in Beijing in 1874","adresse_bibliographique":"5 f\u00e9vrier 1874 - 30 avril 1875","book_type":"Manuscript","provenance":"","afficher_prix":""},"yoast_head":"\nLAPIED Marie-Henri Voyage en Chine et \u00e0 P\u00e9king pour observer le Passage de V\u00e9nus du 9 d\u00e9cembre 1874. 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